PlantUML does not use JNI. But for some diagrams, it needs to lauch GraphViz, so this can be an issue...
The good news is that GraphViz has been ported in Javascript (see
https://plantuml.com/en/vizjs )
So theorically, it should be possible to have some transpilable version to JS of PlantUML.
However, this is a huge task...
If you have some times and a real experience in Java to JS conversion, we would be glad to help you to build such a version. But once again, get ready for rush hours :-)